João Pedro LopesLaw & Consulting
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Criminal defense · Medical cannabis

João PedroLopes Law & Consulting

Criminal defense at every stage — from investigation to the courts — and dedicated work in medical cannabis law. Every step explained clearly, without legal jargon.

24/7 on-call service — in person throughout the State of Rio de Janeiro and via WhatsApp anywhere in Brazil.

  • OAB/RJ 271.681
  • PUC-Rio · Postgraduate degree
  • Medicinal Plants Committee — OAB/RJ
  • Service in PT · EN · ES
João Pedro Lopes in a suit and tie, seated at a table with books by Eduardo Galeano, Frantz Fanon and Elsa Dorlin and a Brazilian criminal law code.
OAB/RJ 271.681Criminal defense lawyer

Has someone just been arrested?

After an arrest in the act (flagrante), the first hours are decisive: as a rule, the arrested person must be brought before a judge within 24 hours, at a custody hearing. The on-call service works around the clock — in person throughout the State of Rio de Janeiro and via WhatsApp anywhere in Brazil.

Know the rights of an arrested person
  • To remain silent.CF, art. 5º, LXIII
  • To have the arrest immediately reported to the judge and to the family — or to a person of their choice.CF, art. 5º, LXII
  • To be assisted by a lawyer and by their family.CF, art. 5º, LXIII
  • To know who made the arrest and who conducted the interrogation.CF, art. 5º, LXIV
  • To receive, within 24 hours, a written statement of the reason for the arrest (nota de culpa).CPP, art. 306, §2º
  • To be brought before a judge at a custody hearing.CPP, art. 310

For the family: write down the police station, the time of the arrest and the full name of the person arrested. This information speeds up the service.

Where to start

What situation are you in?

Choose the option closest to your situation. You will find a simple explanation of what usually happens and of what is usually analyzed in each case.

I received a summons to give a statement

A summons (intimação) is an official notice to appear at the police station or at court. It may be sent to witnesses, victims or people under investigation — and the document does not always make clear in which of these capacities the person is being called.

You may be accompanied by a lawyer when giving your statement.

What is usually analyzed

  • In what capacity you were summoned, and in which proceeding.
  • How to prepare for the statement.
  • Which documents to bring and what deserves care before speaking.

Someone close to me was arrested

After an arrest in the act, the person is taken to the police station and, as a rule, must be brought before a judge within 24 hours, at a custody hearing. That is when it is decided whether they will await trial in freedom.

24/7 on-call service: in person throughout the State of Rio de Janeiro and via WhatsApp anywhere in Brazil.

What is usually analyzed

  • Whether the arrest and the arrest report are lawful.
  • The possibility of provisional release or of alternatives to detention.
  • Preparation for the custody hearing.

I am under investigation

A police inquiry (inquérito policial) is the investigation stage, before any criminal case begins. Searches and seizures, statements and forensic examinations usually happen here — and what is produced at this stage can shape everything that follows.

Being investigated does not mean being guilty. The presumption of innocence applies at every stage.

What is usually analyzed

  • Access to the investigation files.
  • Whether searches, seizures and digital evidence are lawful.
  • Requests for investigative steps and alternatives such as a non-prosecution agreement, where applicable.

I am a defendant in a criminal case

Once the Public Prosecutor files charges and the judge accepts them, the criminal case begins: written defense, hearings, judgment and, where appropriate, appeals. Every deadline matters.

If you have been formally served, the deadlines are already running.

What is usually analyzed

  • The charges and the evidence presented.
  • Preparation for the hearings.
  • The available remedies: appeals, habeas corpus and special appeal to the Superior Court of Justice.

I want to grow cannabis for medical treatment

Patients with a medical prescription can ask the courts for a safe-conduct order — through a preventive habeas corpus — to grow the number of plants needed for their treatment, extract the oil and, in some cases, import seeds.

The decision always depends on the competent court's analysis of the specific case.

What is usually analyzed

  • The prescription and the medical reports.
  • The number of plants consistent with the prescribed treatment.
  • The documents supporting the request, including for seed imports.

I am facing proceedings before my professional board

Boards such as those for physicians (CRM), engineers (CREA) and lawyers (OAB) — as well as sports bodies — may open ethics and disciplinary proceedings. They have their own rules and deadlines and may have consequences in other areas, including criminal law.

Defense deadlines in these proceedings are usually short.

What is usually analyzed

  • The applicable regulations and deadlines.
  • The written defense and the production of evidence.
  • Possible consequences in other areas.

The information above is general and does not replace an individual analysis of your case.

Practice areas

Three areas, one way of working

Each area describes the type of work carried out and the topics involved. Nothing here is a promise of outcome: every case depends on its own facts, evidence and jurisdiction.

Criminal Law

Work at every stage of criminal proceedings, from the police inquiry to the higher courts.

  • Arrests in the act and custody hearings
  • Police inquiries and criminal cases
  • Jury trials
  • Drug Law — trafficking and personal use
  • Maria da Penha Law (domestic violence) and protective orders
  • Racism and LGBTphobia offenses
  • Special Criminal Courts (minor offenses)
  • Cybercrime and economic crimes
  • Habeas corpus and appeals, including to the Superior Court of Justice (STJ)

Medical Cannabis

Preventive habeas corpus and regulatory guidance for patients, families and associations.

  • Preventive habeas corpus for home cultivation
  • Import of seeds and supplies
  • Home extraction for personal use
  • Defense in arrests and cases involving cultivation
  • Regulatory guidance before Anvisa (Brazil's health regulator)
  • CBD for veterinary use

A changing landscape: after decisions by the Superior Court of Justice and Anvisa's 2026 resolutions (RDC Nos. 1,012 to 1,015), the individual court route remains relevant for many patients.

Administrative Disciplinary Law

Defense in disciplinary proceedings and administrative investigations.

  • Professional boards (CRM, CREA, OAB, among others)
  • Sports committees and governing bodies
  • Internal inquiries and administrative proceedings
  • Criminal implications of administrative proceedings

How it works

From first contact to guidance on your case

A simple path, designed for people who have never needed a criminal defense lawyer — and for those who need one now.

  1. You get in touch

    By WhatsApp, phone, e-mail or the form on this website — in Portuguese, English or Spanish. The lawyer answers personally.

  2. A private conversation

    In person in Rio de Janeiro or by video call, from anywhere. Everything you say is protected by attorney-client confidentiality.

  3. Case analysis

    Documents, case files and context are examined carefully, so that the guidance is based on facts — not assumptions.

  4. Possible paths

    You receive a clear explanation of the alternatives, the risks and the next steps, along with a written proposal for the work.

João Pedro Lopes, in a suit, in front of the panel of the 3rd IBCCRIM Regional Conference in Rio de Janeiro.
João Pedro Lopes with members of MUCA — Movimento Unido dos Camelôs (United Street Vendors' Movement).

About

João Pedro Lopes

Criminal defense lawyer · OAB/RJ 271.681

He holds a law degree from PUC-Rio, with a focus on criminal law, and a postgraduate degree in Cybercrime from the same university. He works in criminal defense across its different fronts, in medical cannabis law and in administrative disciplinary proceedings.

He is a member of the Special Committee for Studies on Medicinal Plants (Cannabis and Others) of the Rio de Janeiro Bar (OAB/RJ) and co-organizes the column Advocacia da Maconha at Cannabis Monitor, a space for technical debate on drug policy.

During his studies, he trained at criminal defense firms in Rio de Janeiro, at the Public Defender's Office and at the Criminal Sentence Enforcement Court of the Rio de Janeiro Court of Justice. His undergraduate thesis, “Todo camburão tem um pouco de navio negreiro” (“Every police van carries a trace of the slave ship”), examines Brazil's Criminal Code of 1830 and Penal Code of 1891.

Larger photo: 3rd IBCCRIM Regional Conference — Rio de Janeiro. Smaller photo: with members of MUCA — United Street Vendors' Movement.

I believe in a politically engaged legal practice, one that is not limited to the courtroom and that seeks to make the country a fairer and more equal place.

João Pedro Lopes

Education and career

Academic grounding and hands-on experience in criminal law

Education

  • Postgraduate degree in CybercrimePUC-Rio · 2026
  • Law degree, with a focus on criminal lawPUC-Rio · 2019–2025
  • 14th Course on the Therapeutic Use of Cannabis sativa L. (extension course, 57h)UNIFESP · 2026

Institutions and projects

  • Special Committee for Studies on Medicinal Plants (Cannabis and Others)OAB/RJ · member
  • Advocacia da Maconha columnCannabis Monitor · co-organizer
  • Public Policy LeaguePUC-Rio · former member

Languages of service

  • PortugueseNative
  • EnglishFluent · Eurocentres, London
  • SpanishFluent · Enforex, Madrid
  • FrenchBasic

Professional experience

  1. Apr 2025 — present

    Natan Duek — Advocacia e Consultoria

    Associate lawyer

    Criminal investigations and cases of all kinds: client service, drafting of filings and court and administrative procedures.

  2. May 2024 — Mar 2025

    Tórtima, Galvão e Maranhão Advogados

  3. Aug 2023 — Apr 2024

    Albernard, Galvão & Delmas Advogados Associados

  4. Jul 2022 — Mar 2023

    Public Defender's Office of the State of Rio de Janeiro

    40th and 42nd Criminal Courts of the Capital

  5. Nov 2021 — Jul 2022

    Cescon Barrieu Advogados

  6. Feb 2021 — Nov 2021

    Rio de Janeiro Court of Justice — Criminal Sentence Enforcement Court

  7. Dec 2019 — Jan 2020

    Sergio Galvão Advogados

  8. 2017 and 2018

    Escola Parque

    Volunteer writing teacher

    Classes at the school's community university-entrance prep course.

In the press

Articles published by Conjur (in Portuguese) about a case in which he worked alongside lawyers Natan Duek and Max Warner.

Content

Law without legalese

Texts, columns and educational publications on criminal law and medical cannabis (in Portuguese). They do not replace an individual consultation.

On Instagram

Short explanations on criminal law and medical cannabis, in everyday language (in Portuguese).

Follow @jpolopes(opens in a new tab)

Glossary

Legalese, translated

Terms that appear in summonses, court decisions and conversations at the police station — explained in a few words.

Police inquiry (inquérito policial)
An investigation carried out by the police to establish the facts. It is not yet a criminal case: nobody is a defendant at this stage.
Summons (intimação)
An official notice calling someone to a procedural act — such as a statement or a hearing — or informing them of a decision.
Arrest in the act (flagrante)
The arrest of someone caught committing a crime or right after it. It must be reported to the judge immediately.
Custody hearing
The appearance of the arrested person before a judge, as a rule within 24 hours, to check whether the arrest was lawful and decide whether it should continue.
Pretrial detention (prisão preventiva)
Detention ordered before a final conviction, only in the cases provided by law and on concrete grounds. It is not an early sentence.
Indictment (denúncia)
The document in which the Public Prosecutor formally charges someone with a crime. When the judge accepts it, the criminal case begins.
Defendant (réu)
A person facing a criminal case. Being a defendant does not mean being guilty: the presumption of innocence applies until the end of the case.
Habeas corpus
A constitutional remedy that protects freedom of movement against illegality or abuse of power.
Safe-conduct order (salvo-conduto)
A court order that protects someone from being arrested or prosecuted for a specific conduct — for example, authorized medical cultivation.
Plea arrangement for minor offenses (transação penal)
An agreement offered for minor offenses at the Special Criminal Court, which avoids prosecution if certain conditions are met.
Non-prosecution agreement (ANPP)
An agreement with the Public Prosecutor, available for certain crimes committed without violence or serious threat, which avoids prosecution if the conditions are met.
Statute of limitations (prescrição)
The loss of the State's power to punish due to the passage of time. Time limits vary by crime and can be interrupted.
Protective order (medida protetiva)
A court order to protect a person facing violence, such as a restraining order. Breaching it is a crime.
Final judgment (trânsito em julgado)
The point at which no further appeal can be filed against a decision.

Frequently asked questions

Before you get in touch

Straight answers to the most common questions about the service.

Is a message sent through the website already a consultation?

No. The message is for briefly describing the situation and arranging an initial conversation. Sending it does not, by itself, create an attorney-client relationship.

Can the service be online?

Yes. Conversations can take place by video, from anywhere in Brazil or abroad. In Rio de Janeiro, in-person meetings are also available.

How does the 24/7 on-call service work?

In urgent situations, such as an arrest in the act, in-person assistance is available at any hour throughout the State of Rio de Janeiro. In other states, the first contact takes place via WhatsApp, also 24/7.

Do you handle cases outside Rio de Janeiro?

Yes. Cases in other states and before the higher courts can be handled, always after an analysis of the case.

Can I be assisted in English or Spanish?

Yes. Service is provided in Portuguese, English and Spanish — which helps foreigners in Brazil and cases with international elements, such as importing seeds.

Will what I say be kept confidential?

Yes. Everything you tell the lawyer is protected by professional confidentiality under the Brazilian Bar Statute and the OAB Code of Ethics and Discipline.

How are fees set?

After the initial analysis, you receive a written proposal with the scope of work and the terms, in accordance with the OAB/RJ Fee Schedule.

Contact

Tell us what is happening

Choose the channel you feel most comfortable with. Sending a message does not, by itself, create an attorney-client relationship.

  • WhatsApp
    (21) 97283-4380
  • Phone
    (21) 97283-4380
  • E-mail
    jpolopes@natanduek.com.br
    Write
  • Address
    Av. Prefeito Dulcídio Cardoso, 11.000 — Rio de Janeiro/RJ
  • On call
    24/7: in person in the State of Rio de Janeiro and via WhatsApp anywhere in Brazil
  • Languages
    Portuguese, English and Spanish

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